And as far as long-term effects on the brain, one long-term change that has been shown has been an increase in serotonin receptors, which means that if the brain has limited serotonin, it can use it more efficiently. This is safer than antidepressants that increase serotonin itself, and is one of the reason that long-term ayahuasca use can create permanent improvement in many cases of clinical depression. There are hundreds of studies of ayahuasca and ayahuasca use, from many different angles -- psychology, neurology, sociology, and others -- and more research being done all the time.
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